论述简述网站制作的步骤谷歌推广怎么做最有效
前言
最近在研究视频下载,因此打算一边研究一边记录一下。方便以后使用时查看。
使用到的库有:
permission_handler 11.1.0 :权限请求
flutter_downloader 1.11.5:文件下载器
path_provider 2.1.1:路径处理
视频:
m3u8视频
:https://vip.lz-cdn5.com/20220402/3882_fcc71dbc/1800k/hls/mixed.m3u8
mp4视频
:https://www.runoob.com/try/demo_source/movie.mp4
开发配置
Android Studio 2022.3.1
版本 、flutter 3.16.0
、dart 3.2.0
、win 10
这里只考虑安卓不考虑其他系统
实现
permission_handler
单个权限
import 'package:permission_handler/permission_handler.dart';ElevatedButton(onPressed: () async {PermissionStatus status = await Permission.storage.request();// 除了下面3个常见情况还有:isLimited (表示权限被限制。这种状态适用于一些敏感权限,例如相机或麦克风权限。)、isProvisional(表示权限处于临时授予状态。这种状态适用于一些敏感权限,例如位置权限。)if (status.isGranted) {permissionState = '存储权限已被授予';} else if (status.isDenied) {permissionState = '存储权限被拒绝';} else if (status.isPermanentlyDenied) {permissionState = '存储权限被永久拒绝';}setState(() {});},child: const Text("获取存储权限")),
ElevatedButton(onPressed: () {openAppSettings();},child: const Text("手动去设置"))
多权限
import 'package:permission_handler/permission_handler.dart';void requestMultiplePermissions() async {Map<Permission, PermissionStatus> statuses = await [Permission.camera,Permission.microphone,Permission.location,].request();statuses.forEach((permission, status) {if (status.isGranted) {print('${permission.toString()} granted.');} else if (status.isDenied) {print('${permission.toString()} denied.');} else if (status.isPermanentlyDenied) {print('${permission.toString()} permanently denied.');}});
}
配置
项目/android/app/build.gradle
找到android
中的compileSdkVersion
设置为34
常用的权限
在项目/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml
添加对应的权限,主要是跟application
标签平级
常用权限如下:
<!-- 电话权限-->
<uses-featureandroid:name="android.hardware.telephony"android:required="false" />
<!-- 相机权限-->
<uses-featureandroid:name="android.hardware.camera"android:required="false" /><!-- 互联网权限-->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/><!-- 联系人权限 group -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS"/><!--存储权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<!-- Android 12及更低版本的读取存储权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
<!-- Android 13及更新版本的细粒度媒体权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_IMAGES" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_VIDEO" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_MEDIA_AUDIO" /><!-- 相机权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA"/><!-- 短信权限组 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SEND_SMS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_SMS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_SMS"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECEIVE_MMS"/><!-- 电话权限组 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CALL_PHONE"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.USE_SIP"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CALL_LOG"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG"/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BIND_CALL_REDIRECTION_SERVICE"tools:ignore="ProtectedPermissions" /><!-- 日历权限组 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CALENDAR" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR" /><!-- 位置权限组 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION" /><!-- 麦克风、语音权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" /><!-- 传感器权限组 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BODY_SENSORS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BODY_SENSORS_BACKGROUND" /><!-- “访问媒体位置”组的权限选项 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_MEDIA_LOCATION" /><!-- “活动识别”组的权限选项 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACTIVITY_RECOGNITION" /><!-- “忽略电池优化”组的权限选项 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.REQUEST_IGNORE_BATTERY_OPTIMIZATIONS" /><!--“附近设备”组的权限选项 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_SCAN" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADVERTISE" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_CONNECT" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.NEARBY_WIFI_DEVICES" /><!-- “管理外部存储”组的权限选项 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MANAGE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" /><!-- “系统警报窗口”组的权限选项 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW" /><!-- “请求安装程序包”组的权限选项 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES" /><!-- “访问通知策略”组的权限选项 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NOTIFICATION_POLICY"/><!-- “通知”组的权限选项 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS"/><!-- “报警”组的权限选项 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SCHEDULE_EXACT_ALARM" />
效果图
不同的安卓版本可能会有不同的效果
模拟器
真机,demo app
真机,夸克浏览器下载视频时请求的权限
path_provider
这个之前介绍过了,简单使用见:flutter:文件系统目录、文件读写
创建文件夹
ElevatedButton(onPressed: () async {// 获取应用程序目录Directory appDocumentDirectory =await getApplicationSupportDirectory();// 使用路径分隔符设置路径String path ="${appDocumentDirectory.path}${Platform.pathSeparator}myappVideoDownload";// 判断文件夹是否存在,不存在则创建var dir = Directory(path);print("路径:$path");if (!dir.existsSync()) {await dir.create(recursive: true);print("创建成功");}},child: const Text("下载视频"))
查看应用程序目录
下面是在Android studio中进行的操作。
1、点击Device Explorer
2、在展开的设备目录中,找到data文件夹下的data文件夹,然后找到应用程序的包名文件夹(例如:com.example.myapp)。
3、在应用程序的包名文件夹中,找到files文件夹,这就是应用程序的文档目录。
注: files目录:这个目录用于存储应用程序在运行时生成或下载的文件,例如用户生成的数据、缓存文件等。这些文件只能被应用程序本身访问,并且可以在运行时进行读取、写入和修改。这个目录的访问权限是私有的,其他应用程序无法直接访问。
flutter_downloader
默认最大并发下载数是2,如果要修改具体见官方文档。
配置
app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml
的application
中添加如下配置
<providerandroid:name="vn.hunghd.flutterdownloader.DownloadedFileProvider"android:authorities="${applicationId}.flutter_downloader.provider"android:exported="false"android:grantUriPermissions="true"><meta-dataandroid:name="android.support.FILE_PROVIDER_PATHS"android:resource="@xml/provider_paths"/>
</provider>
在app/src/main/res/xml
目录下(没有的话自己手动创建),创建provider_paths.xml
文件,在文件里添加一下内容:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<paths><external-path name="external-path" path="."/><external-cache-path name="external-cache-path" path="."/><external-files-path name="external-files-path" path="."/><files-path name="files_path" path="."/><cache-path name="cache-path" path="."/><root-path name="root" path="."/>
</paths>
案例代码
import 'dart:io';
import 'dart:isolate';
import 'dart:ui';
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter_downloader/flutter_downloader.dart';
import 'package:path_provider/path_provider.dart';
import 'package:permission_handler/permission_handler.dart';void main() async {// 初始化下载器WidgetsFlutterBinding.ensureInitialized();await FlutterDownloader.initialize(debug: true, ignoreSsl: false);runApp(const MyApp());
}class MyApp extends StatelessWidget {const MyApp({super.key});// This widget is the root of your application.Widget build(BuildContext context) {return MaterialApp(title: 'Flutter Demo',theme: ThemeData(colorScheme: ColorScheme.fromSeed(seedColor: Colors.deepPurple),useMaterial3: true,),home: const MyHomePage(title: 'Flutter Demo Home Page'),);}
}class MyHomePage extends StatefulWidget {const MyHomePage({super.key, required this.title});final String title;State<MyHomePage> createState() => _MyHomePageState();
}class _MyHomePageState extends State<MyHomePage> {// 文件下载列表List fileDownloadList = [];// 下载进度double downloadProgress = 0;// 用于线程通信final ReceivePort _port = ReceivePort();void initState() {super.initState();// 接收下载线程发来的消息IsolateNameServer.registerPortWithName(_port.sendPort, 'downloader_send_port');_port.listen((dynamic data) {var id = data[0];var status = data[1];int progress = data[2];// Download progress: 15%,2print("Download: $id,$status,$progress%");// 更新进度setState(() {downloadProgress = progress.toDouble();});});// 监听下载进度FlutterDownloader.registerCallback(downloadCallback);}dispose() {// 关闭通信IsolateNameServer.removePortNameMapping('downloader_send_port');super.dispose();}// 下载回调函数,这个函数必须是静态或者顶级函数,具体见官方文档说明static void downloadCallback(id, status, progress) {final SendPort? send =IsolateNameServer.lookupPortByName('downloader_send_port');send?.send([id, status, progress]);}// 文件下载方法Future<void> downloadFile(String url, [String? filename]) async {// 判断是否存在存储权限var hasStoragePermission = await Permission.storage.isGranted;if (!hasStoragePermission) {final status = await Permission.storage.request();hasStoragePermission = status.isGranted;}// 获取应用程序目录Directory appDocumentDirectory = await getApplicationSupportDirectory();// 使用路径分隔符设置路径String path ="${appDocumentDirectory.path}${Platform.pathSeparator}myappVideoDownload";// 判断文件夹是否存在,不存在则创建var dir = Directory(path);if (!dir.existsSync()) {await dir.create(recursive: true);print("创建成功,路径为:$path");}if (hasStoragePermission) {// 创建下载任务final taskId = await FlutterDownloader.enqueue(url: url,headers: {},// optional: header send with url (auth token etc)savedDir: path,saveInPublicStorage: true,fileName: filename);// 存储下载的任务fileDownloadList.add({'taskId':taskId,'filename':filename});print("下载任务ID是:$taskId");}}Widget build(BuildContext context) {return Scaffold(appBar: AppBar(backgroundColor: Theme.of(context).colorScheme.inversePrimary,title: Text(widget.title),),body: Center(child: Column(mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,children: <Widget>[ElevatedButton(onPressed: () async {await downloadFile("https://scpic.chinaz.net/files/default/imgs/2023-12-01/8b0607ced040f71b_s.jpg","aa.jpg");},child: const Text("下载图片")),Text("下载进度:$downloadProgress%"),LinearProgressIndicator(value: downloadProgress, //当前进度minHeight: 20, //最新高度color: Colors.red //当前进度的颜色),ElevatedButton(onPressed: () {final taskId = fileDownloadList[0]['taskId'];FlutterDownloader.open(taskId: taskId);},child: const Text("打开下载的文件"))],),), // This trailing comma makes auto-formatting nicer for build methods.);}
}
效果图