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 一.Book类

首先我们需要先创建一个Book类

public class Book {private String name;private String author;private double price;private String type;private boolean  isBorrowed;// 构造函数public Book(String name, String author, double price, String type) {this.name = name;this.author = author;this.price = price;this.type = type;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public String getAuthor() {return author;}public void setAuthor(String author) {this.author = author;}public double getPrice() {return price;}public void setPrice(double price) {this.price = price;}public String getType() {return type;}public void setType(String type) {this.type = type;}public boolean isBorrowed() {return isBorrowed;}public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) {isBorrowed = borrowed;}// 重写toString方法@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Book{" +"name='" + name + '\'' +", author='" + author + '\'' +", price=" + price +", type='" + type + '\'' +( (isBorrowed == true) ? "，已借出" : "，未借出" )+//", isBorrowed=" + isBorrowed +'}';}
}

二.BookList类

public class BookList {public Book[] List;public int size;public BookList() {List = new Book[10];List[0] = new Book("西游记", "吴承恩", 10.25, "小说");List[1] = new Book("三国演义","罗贯中",20.50,"小说");List[2] = new Book("红楼梦","曹雪芹",50.9,"小说");List[3] = new Book("水浒传","施耐庵",15.5,"小说");size = 4;}public boolean isFull() {return size >= List.length;}public boolean isEmpty() {return size == 0;}public void newLength() {List = new Book[size+10];}public Book getList(int i) {return List[i];}public int getSize() {return size;}public void setList(Book book , int pos) {List[pos] = book;}public void setSize(int size) {this.size = size;}
}

三.User类

public abstract class User {public IOperation[] iOperations;public String name;public User(String name) {this.name = name;}public abstract int menu();public void doOperation(int choice,BookList bookList) {IOperation operation = this.iOperations[choice];operation.work(bookList);}
}

四.管理员类

public class Admin extends User{public Admin(String name) {super(name);this.iOperations = new IOperation[]{new ExitOperation(),new FindOperation(),new AddOperation(),new DeleteOperation(),new ShowOperation()};}public int menu() {System.out.println("********管理员菜单********");System.out.println("1.查找图书");System.out.println("2.新增图书");System.out.println("3.删除图书");System.out.println("4.显示图书");System.out.println("0.退出系统");System.out.println("************************");System.out.println("请输入你的操作：");Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);int choice = scanner.nextInt();return choice;}
}

 五.普通类

public class NormalUser extends User{public NormalUser(String name) {super(name);this.iOperations = new IOperation[] {new ExitOperation(),new  FindOperation(),new BorrowedOperation(),new ReturnOperation()};}@Overridepublic int menu() {System.out.println("********普通用户菜单********");System.out.println("1.查找图书");System.out.println("2.借阅图书");System.out.println("3.归还图书");System.out.println("0.退出系统");System.out.println("***************************");System.out.println("请输入你的操作：");Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);int choice = scanner.nextInt();return choice;}
}

六.实现操作的接口

public interface IOperation {public void work(BookList bookList);
}

 七.各种操作类

import java.util.Scanner;// 添加图书的操作public class AddOperation implements IOperation{@Overridepublic void work(BookList bookList) {if(bookList.isFull()) {bookList.newLength();}Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);System.out.println("请输入你要添加的书名");String name = scan.nextLine();System.out.println("请输入你要添加图书的作者");String author = scan.nextLine();System.out.println("请输入你要添加图书的价格");double price = scan.nextDouble();scan.nextLine();System.out.println("请输入你要添加图书的类型");String type = scan.nextLine();Book tmp = new Book(name,author,price,type);int count = bookList.getSize();for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {if(tmp.getName().equals(bookList.getList(i).getName())) {System.out.println("请勿重复添加");System.exit(0);}}bookList.setList(tmp,count);bookList.setSize(count+1);}
}

import java.util.Scanner;// 借出书籍public class BorrowedOperation implements IOperation {@Overridepublic void work(BookList bookList) {Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);int count1 = bookList.getSize();System.out.println("以下是图书馆的书单: ");for (int i = 0; i < count1; i++) {if (bookList.getList(i) != null) {System.out.println(bookList.getList(i));}}System.out.println("请输入你要借阅的图书名字:");String name = scan.nextLine();int count = bookList.getSize();int i = 0;for (; i < count; i++) {if (bookList.getList(i).getName().equals(name) ) {if(bookList.getList(i).isBorrowed()  ) {System.out.println("书已被借走，请等归还后再来借阅");return;}bookList.getList(i).setBorrowed(true);System.out.println("借阅成功，请于7天时间内归还");return;}}if(i == count) {System.out.println("没有找到这本书");}}
}

import java.util.Scanner;//删除书籍的操作public class DeleteOperation implements IOperation {@Overridepublic void work(BookList bookList) {if(bookList.isEmpty()) {throw  new NullException("书架为空");}Scanner san = new Scanner(System.in);System.out.println("请输入你要删除的图书名字");String name = san.nextLine();int count = bookList.getSize();int i = 0;for (; i < count; i++) {if(bookList.getList(i).getName().equals(name)) {break;}}if(i == count) {System.out.println("没有找到这本书");} else {while (i < count) {bookList.List[i++] = bookList.List[i+1];}System.out.println("删除成功");bookList.setSize(count-1);}}
}

// 退出操作public class ExitOperation implements IOperation{@Overridepublic void work(BookList bookList) {System.exit(0);}
}

import java.util.Scanner;// 通过图书的名字来查找图书public class FindOperation implements IOperation{@Overridepublic void work(BookList bookList) {Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);System.out.println("请输入你要查找的图书名字");String name = scan.nextLine();int count = bookList.getSize();int i = 0;for (; i < count; i++) {if(bookList.getList(i).getName().equals(name)) {System.out.println("图书信息如下：");System.out.println(bookList.getList(i));break;}}if(i == count) {System.out.println("没有找到这本书");}}
}

//归还操作
public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation{@Overridepublic void work(BookList bookList) {Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);System.out.println("请输入你要归还的图书名字:");String name = scan.nextLine();int count = bookList.getSize();int i = 0;for (; i < count; i++) {if (bookList.getList(i).getName().equals(name) && bookList.getList(i).isBorrowed()) {bookList.getList(i).setBorrowed(false);System.out.println("归还成功，欢迎下次光临");return;}}if(i == count) {System.out.println("没有找到这本书");}}
}

//显示图书的操作public class ShowOperation implements IOperation{@Overridepublic void work(BookList bookList) {int count = bookList.getSize();System.out.println("图书信息如下: ");for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {if (bookList.getList(i) != null) {System.out.println(bookList.getList(i));}}}
}

//异常
public class NullException extends RuntimeException {public NullException() {}public NullException(String message) {super(message);}
}

八.主函数

public class Main {public static User menu() {int choice = 0;String possWord = "123456";System.out.println("请输入你的身份：");System.out.println("1.管理员   2.普通用户 ");Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);choice = scan.nextInt();scan.nextLine();if (choice == 1) {System.out.println("请输入密码：");int count = 3;while (count > 0) {String MyPossWord = scan.nextLine();if (MyPossWord.equals(possWord)) {count = -1;break;} else {--count;System.out.println("密码错误，你还有" + count + "次机会");}}if (count != -1) {System.out.println("密码输入错误超过3次，请您24小时后在来");System.exit(0);}return new Admin("admin");}return new NormalUser("noraluser");}public static void main(String[] args) {BookList bookList = new BookList();User user = Main.menu();while (true) {int choice = user.menu();user.doOperation(choice,bookList);}}
}

九.说明

以上就是java使用面向对象的知识来实现图书管理系统的全部内容了，此代码仅仅只是对初学Java的读者有帮助，可以通过借鉴此代码，再根据自己所学的知识自己构建一个图书管理系统，这个 图书管理系统也是差不多涵盖了JavaSE所有内容，博主相信你自己下去编写一个图书管理系统，会对Java的掌握更上一步。