一. 引言

         在研究很多深度学习框架的时候，往往需要使用到FSC147格式数据集，若要是想在自己的数据集上验证深度学习框架，就需要自己制作数据集以及相关标签，在论文Learning To Count Everything中，该数据集首次被提出。

二. FSC147数据集简介

        FSC147是由147个对象类别组成的数据集，其中包含6000多张图像，适用于少镜头计数(few-shot)任务，少镜头计数大致框架可见下图。图像用两种类型标签，即点和边界框，它们可以用于开发少镜头计数模型。learning to count everything开源代码以及数据集链接：https://github.com/cvlab-stonybrook/LearningToCountEverything

 少镜头计数(few-shot)的大致框架图

 三. FSC147数据集格式的探索

3.1 FSC147数据集的构成

        本次咱们的目标并不是探讨少镜头计数的原理以及应用，故暂且放在一边，打开FSC147数据集，我们会发现该数据集由以下几部分构成。

一个密度图文件夹，一个原图片文件夹，两个json文件，一个txt文本，下面咱们一个一个来解析

 3.2 FSC147图片类型文本

打开ImageClasses_FSC147.txt文件，发现左侧是图片的名字，右侧是图片的类型

这个比较简单，下面提供一个脚本将图片名字和目标类名传入txt文本中

其中的watermelon是图片的类名，当然，如果图片的类比较多可以自己改进一下代码，这里我只是用作测试，就没有整复杂一点

import os
import syspath = 'D:\\Original_Images_Watermelon'   # 所需读取的文件夹路径
txt_path = 'D:\\ImageClass.txt'   # 所需写入数据的txt文档
write_txt = open(txt_path, 'w')        # 打开txt文档
for file_name in os.listdir(path):   # 读取文件夹下的文件名print(file_name)   # 测试一下有没有读取到信息  write_txt.write(file_name+'   '+'watermelon'+'\n')

输出结果如下

 3.3 Train_Test_Val_FSC_147.json

这个json文件其实很简单，打开发现就是测试集，训练集，验证集组成的图片名字的字典

 

 下面也提供一个脚本

import os
import json 
# from itertools import zip_longest    # 遍历不同长度列表的库
test_dic = {'test':[],'train':[],'val':[]}  # 创建好字典模板，其中键值对中的值是空列表用于存储所需的内容
test_name = os.listdir('D:\\Original_Images_Watermelon\\test')
train_name = os.listdir('D:\\Original_Images_Watermelon\\train')
val_name = os.listdir('D:\\Original_Images_Watermelon\\val')
# print(test_name, '\n', train_name, '\n', val_name)  # 测试有没有读取到数据
# for i, j, k in zip_longest(test_name, train_name, val_name):   这个遍历不好向字典中追加数据，因为有None元素
#     # print(i,'\n',j,'\n',k)   # 测试有没有读取到数据
#     test_dic['test'].append(i)
# print(test_dic)
# 直接采用下面简单粗暴的方式向字典中追加数据，当然，键值对太多的时候还是不建议这么干，建议研究研究上面的方法
for i in test_name:print(i)test_dic['test'].append(i)
for j in train_name:test_dic['train'].append(j)
for k in val_name:test_dic['val'].append(k)
# print(test_dic)    # 测试有没有将数据写入字典中
# 将字典内容传到json当中
with open("D:\\plant_counting\\test\\train_test_val.json", 'w') as f:json.dump(test_dic, f, indent=4, ensure_ascii=False)

输出结果如下，当然，我这也是小批量的验证，数据集庞大的娃可以自己改善一下代码

 3.4 annotation_FSC147_384.json

 这是最麻烦的一块，可以看到json文件包含了每一张图片的各种信息，其中H和W还不是原图片的尺寸，H和W乘以ratio_h和ratio_w才是原图片的尺寸，但是本人的框架用不上这个信息，在后续的脚本中我也会省去，需要的娃子可以自行根据脚本添加。

 3.4.1 fsc147的点框标签可视化

在论文中提到fsc147数据集有两种标签，一个是点一个是框

这里提供一个脚本研究一张图片，以数据集的一张图片为例子

 以下是可视化脚本，其中点和框的坐标都是从json文件中直接复制过来的

import cv2
img_path = 'D:\\plant_counting\\FSC147_384_V2\\images_384_VarV2\\1050.jpg'
img = cv2.imread(img_path)
# 以下是点坐标值
point_list =  \
[(247.53459230769232,212.71076056338032),(247.14496153846153,194.39414084507044),(229.89658461538463,66.2174647887324),(251.08816923076924,62.02771830985916),(229.66208461538463,51.6687323943662),(254.58041538461538,48.35515492957747),(220.28930000000003,78.20259154929578),(156.0795923076923,16.762591549295777),(443.8363461538462,342.8705352112676),(452.97463076923077,191.4230985915493),(14.358615384615383,38.122366197183105),(30.347907692307697,54.88135211267606),(168.57303076923077,121.91008450704227),(48.869800000000005,35.0070985915493),(35.2219,41.04653521126761),(84.35145384615385,36.564732394366196),(84.35145384615385,56.04957746478873),(3.831369230769231,65.20788732394367),(5.588315384615385,85.08214084507043),(22.74289230769231,106.90704225352113),(62.12446153846154,94.04574647887324),(4.805446153846154,127.17070422535211),(29.179015384615383,126.58659154929578),(18.84297692307692,155.42445070422536),(52.37647692307693,132.04191549295774),(78.6982,128.92304225352115),(100.14232307692308,142.17374647887326),(91.17360000000001,113.14118309859157),(103.06816153846154,101.84112676056338),(126.46404615384617,120.34884507042253),(103.06816153846154,83.1350985915493),(122.36931538461539,41.24123943661972),(130.55877692307692,30.33059154929578),(149.07706153846155,39.09949295774648),(9.683046153846155,195.367661971831),(57.05565384615385,190.10704225352114),(103.4577923076923,175.2987042253521),(103.4577923076923,201.40709859154933),(58.617784615384615,247.19864788732397),(81.42561538461538,220.3078309859155),(95.07351538461538,243.88507042253522),(137.1861076923077,257.9145915492958),(104.62668461538462,252.2645633802817),(121.0056076923077,227.12969014084507),(171.30405384615383,285.5842253521127),(122.1745,156.00856338028171),(152.1977153846154,190.30174647887324),(179.4935153846154,183.28518309859155),(162.9197769230769,158.73442253521128),(220.62842307692307,180.7540281690141),(258.84110000000004,177.24574647887323),(237.7866076923077,156.2032676056338),(213.80627692307692,156.59267605633804),(199.5739307692308,152.11087323943664),(11.436384615384616,330.398647887324),(51.59721538461539,332.150985915493),(157.0717076923077,340.3357746478873),(203.47384615384615,332.150985915493),(243.63467692307697,262.9805070422535),(276.9733615384616,258.8881126760563),(290.81607692307693,240.9609014084507),(317.7186384615385,248.950985915493),(312.4550153846154,229.85554929577467),(329.2235692307692,312.4714366197183),(352.6158461538462,302.5343098591549),(407.4022615384616,240.9609014084507),(418.90358461538466,262.9805070422535),(351.44695384615386,237.4562253521127),(426.8982307692308,202.38061971830984),(381.66859230769234,181.33814084507043),(343.6507307692308,182.89577464788732),(343.6507307692308,167.6980281690141),(329.02875384615385,157.95560563380283),(221.99213076923078,125.02535211267606),(207.7633923076923,134.3783661971831),(244.99838461538462,138.08135211267606),(268.7839,139.05487323943663),(290.81607692307693,129.7018591549296),(315.38085384615385,133.40484507042254),(299.19674615384616,147.239661971831),(249.67756153846156,125.41476056338028),(272.09936923076924,156.2032676056338),(225.6972307692308,107.68585915492959),(227.45417692307694,93.65633802816902),(153.75623846153846,94.43515492957748),(167.9885846153846,81.76856338028169),(176.56767692307693,78.45859154929578),(187.87418461538462,68.32676056338029),(411.69180769230775,136.13430985915494),(446.7838307692308,149.57611267605634),(445.2253076923077,163.80033802816902),(409.1556,167.8927323943662),(377.37904615384616,155.42445070422536),(347.74185384615384,144.12078873239437),(346.9625923076923,123.66242253521128),(310.70167692307695,101.45171830985916),(321.0341076923077,76.89735211267606),(265.27361538461537,88.20101408450705),(279.1163307692308,78.45859154929578),(279.8955923076923,58.77904225352113),(295.88488461538464,49.81543661971831),(179.10388461538463,19.614647887323944),(167.40413846153845,48.647211267605634),(199.96356153846153,26.82230985915493),(208.1530230769231,44.74952112676056),(240.3192076923077,35.0070985915493),(252.79821538461542,11.819267605633804),(446.97864615384617,104.56698591549296),(421.244976923077,98.72225352112677),(464.52646153846155,91.31628169014084),(458.28515384615383,71.44202816901408),(453.6059769230769,65.20788732394367),(421.6346076923077,62.08901408450704),(449.70966923076924,57.60721126760564),(391.6113923076923,61.50490140845071),(435.08769230769235,42.604169014084505),(459.45765384615385,38.710084507042254),(464.3316461538462,33.64056338028169),(442.6891,28.76935211267606),(461.7954384615385,24.680563380281693),(437.8151076923077,18.832225352112676),(411.69180769230775,23.5087323943662),(376.0117307692308,28.76935211267606),(396.48538461538465,29.94118309859155),(342.4782307692308,44.36011267605634),(333.3146923076923,29.94118309859155),(341.8937846153846,23.314028169014083),(323.5667076923077,22.729915492957748),(317.91345384615386,15.327549295774649),(326.88217692307694,7.5321690140845075),(290.0368153846154,18.637521126760564),(297.6382230769231,13.961014084507042),(353.98316153846156,11.235154929577465),(361.3897538461539,5.9745352112676064),(379.7168307692308,12.208676056338028),(393.36473076923073,16.495774647887323)
]for point in point_list:# 由于cv2.circle参数需要整形，不需要浮点型，这里要对参数做个变换x = int(point[0])y = int(point[1])cv2.circle(img,(x, y), 1, (255, 0, 0), -1)
cv2.rectangle(img, (143, 266), (216, 317), (0, 0, 255), 2)
cv2.rectangle(img, (297, 66), (343, 86), (0, 0, 255), 2)
cv2.rectangle(img, (151, 102), (186, 139), (0, 0, 255), 2)save_path = '1234.jpg'
cv2.imwrite(save_path, img)

可视化效果如下，可以看到打标签的方法是所有目标都打点，选择三个目标画上框

 自己利用labelme做完标签后即可按照这个上述格式进行操作

 3.4.2 密度图的制作

在fsc147数据集中，有一项是密度图，以npy为文件后缀

在本人博客中，之前介绍过密度图的生成方法，在这里附上链接：作物计数方法之合并信息生成json标签的方法_追忆苔上雪的博客-CSDN博客

 但是由于这里多了三个框标注，生成密度图需要稍微修改一下代码

第一，要将点标签的信息提取出来并存为.mat格式的文件

import json
import numpy as np
import scipy.io as sio
import os
path = 'D:\\Label_Images_Watermelon'  # 数据集的图片路径
files = os.listdir(path)  # 返回文件夹包含名字的名字列表
for name in files:if name.endswith('.json'):  # 判断文件名是否以json结尾fp = open(os.path.join(path, name), 'r')  # 读取文件json_data = json.load(fp)  # 读取json格式数据# print(json_data)points_data = json_data['shapes']  # 读取shapes对象的内容# print(points_data, '\n')points = []  # 创建空列表存放每个点的位置信息for point in points_data:# print(point, '\n')   # dict_keys(['label', 'points', 'group_id', 'description', 'shape_type', 'flags'])if point['label'] == 'point':coordinate = point['points'][0]points.append(coordinate)else:print(points, type(points))data_inner = {'location': points, 'number': len(points)}  # 存点的位置和点的数量# print(data_inner, type(data_inner))  # <class 'dict'>image_info = np.zeros((1,), dtype=object)image_info[0] = data_innername = name.split('.')[0] + '.mat'sio.savemat(os.path.join('D:\\label_mat', name), {'image_info': image_info})

生成.mat文件如下 

 

 第二，可视化一下看看有没有问题，可视化代码如下

import json
import os, cv2
import scipy.io as iodef MatVisual1(imgpath):matpath = imgpath.replace('.jpg', '.mat').replace('Original_Images_Watermelon', 'label_mat')  # 图片文件对应mat文件路径mat = io.loadmat(matpath)  # 读取mat文件keypoints = mat["image_info"][0, 0][0, 0][0]  # 取出关键点坐标img = cv2.imread(imgpath, 1)  # 读取图片for keypont in keypoints:cv2.circle(img, (int(keypont[0]), int(keypont[1])), 1, (0, 0, 255), 4)  # 画点cv2.namedWindow(imgpath, 0)  # 创建窗口cv2.resizeWindow(imgpath, img.shape[1], img.shape[0])  # 创建窗口cv2.imshow(imgpath, img)cv2.waitKey(0)if __name__ == "__main__":rootPath1 = r'./Original_Images_Watermelon'  # 图片所在路径imgName1 = 'watermelon_transparent_mosaic_group1_23.jpg'  # 图片名MatVisual1(os.path.join(rootPath1, imgName1))

可以看到提取出的信息是没有问题的

 第三，生成密度图，代码如下

import h5py
import scipy.io as io
import PIL.Image as Image
import numpy as np
import os
import glob
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from scipy.ndimage.filters import gaussian_filter
from scipy.spatial import KDTree
import scipy
from matplotlib import cm as cm
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')
def gaussian_filter_density(gt):print(gt.shape)density = np.zeros(gt.shape, dtype=np.float32)gt_count = np.count_nonzero(gt)if gt_count == 0:return densitypts = np.array(list(zip(np.nonzero(gt)[1], np.nonzero(gt)[0])))leafsize = 2048# build kdtree寻找相邻目标的位置#  构造KDTree调用的是scipy包中封装好的函数，其中leafsize表示的是最大叶子数，如果图片中目标数量过多，可以自行修改其数值。tree = KDTree(pts.copy(), leafsize=leafsize)# query kdtree# tree.query（）中参数k=4查询的是与当前结点相邻三个结点的位置信息，因为distances[i][0]表示的是当前结点。# distances, locations = tree.query(pts, k=4)# 这里把源码的k = 4改成k = 3是因为目标作物的幼苗左右两侧只有两株植物distances, locations = tree.query(pts, k=3)print('generate density...')for i, pt in enumerate(pts):pt2d = np.zeros(gt.shape, dtype=np.float32)pt2d[pt[1], pt[0]] = 1.# 图像中目标比较稀疏，要重新设置高斯核if gt_count > 1:# sigma = (distances[i][1]+distances[i][2]+distances[i][3])*0.1sigma = (distances[i][1] + distances[i][2]) * 0.05   # 根据作物图修改的sigmaelse:sigma = np.average(np.array(gt.shape))/2./2.     # case: 1 pointdensity += scipy.ndimage.filters.gaussian_filter(pt2d, sigma, mode='constant')print('done.')return density
if __name__ == "__main__":#  set the root to the datasetroot = 'D:/plant_counting/test'path_sets = os.path.join(root, 'Original_Images_Watermelon')# print(path_sets)   # D:\苏大研究生生活\2023项目\遥感\栅格图分割\jpgImages-partimg_paths = []for img_path in glob.glob(os.path.join(path_sets, '*.jpg')):img_paths.append(img_path)# print('标记', img_paths)# 这里为了循环保存生成的子图作为展示，以及保存生成的莫地图，将源代码的循环小小的改了一下采用enumerate()for p, img_path in enumerate(img_paths):# print(p)# print('1111', img_path)   # 所有文件的路径mat = io.loadmat(img_path.replace('.jpg', '.mat').replace('Original_Images_Watermelon', 'label_mat'))img= plt.imread(img_path)k = np.zeros((img.shape[0], img.shape[1]))gt = mat["image_info"][0, 0][0, 0][0]for i in range(0, len(gt)):# print(i)if int(gt[i][1])<img.shape[0] and int(gt[i][0])<img.shape[1]:k[int(gt[i][1]), int(gt[i][0])]=1k = gaussian_filter_density(k)"""下面三行用于保存生成的密度图"""name = os.path.basename(os.path.realpath(img_path)).split('.')[0]# os.path.basename(os.path.realpath(img_path))获取当前文件名字，.split('.')[0]分离文件格式后缀np.save("D:/density_map/{}.npy".format(name), k)"""下面几行用于展示密度图"""plt.subplot(121)  # 一行两列，位置为1plt.imshow(k)print('标记:', k, '\n', '标记', type(k))plt.subplot(122)  # 一行两列，位置为2plt.imshow(img)plt.savefig("D:\\plant_counting\\test\\density_map\\tem{}.jpg".format(p))plt.show()with h5py.File(img_path.replace('.jpg',  '.h5').replace('jpgImages-part', 'label_mat'), 'w') as hf:hf['density'] = kplt.clf()# now see a sample# plt.imshow(Image.open(img_paths[0]))# gt_file = h5py.File(img_paths[0].replace('.jpg', '.h5').replace('jpgImages-part', 'label_mat'), 'r')# groundtruth = np.asarray(gt_file['density'])# plt.imshow(groundtruth, cmap=cm.jet)

 密度图如下，当然，大批量操作的时候可以不显示这个图

 保存的密度图如下

 

  3.4.3 annotation_FSC147_384.json制作

 前面我们把需要的信息都准备好了，就可以开始这个大的json文件制作，代码如下

import os
import json
from collections import defaultdict, OrderedDict
# 先提取外层键值对的键
path = 'D:\\Original_Images_Watermelon'
files = os.listdir(path)
# print(files)
key_outer = []   # 创建空列表储存键名
for file in files:file_name = os.path.basename(os.path.realpath(file))# print(file_name, type(file_name))     # 示例：watermelon_transparent_mosaic_group1_23.jpgkey_outer.append(file_name)
# print(key_outer)  到这里做好了外层键名
"""获取json外层字典的内容"""
value_outer = []  # 创建空列表存储值内容
json_inner_key = {'box_examples_coordinates': '', 'density_path': '', 'img_path': '', 'points': '', }   # 先创建一个空字典
json_inner_info = ["", "", "", []]   
# 获取指定密度图路径
str_density = str('D:/density_map')
str_Img = str('D:/Original_Images_Watermelon')
label_path = 'D:\\Label_Images_Watermelon'
files = os.listdir(label_path)  # 返回文件夹包含名字的名字列表
for name in files:name_dir = name.split('.')[0]# print(name_dir)if name.endswith('.json'):  # 判断文件名是否以json结尾fp = open(os.path.join(label_path, name), 'r')  # 读取文件json_data = json.load(fp)  # 读取json格式数据# print(json_data)points_data = json_data['shapes']  # 读取shapes对象的内容# print(points_data, '\n')three_box_coordinate = []  # 创建空列表存储三个标注框四点的坐标all_points_coordinate = []  # 创建空列表存储所有标注点的坐标for point in points_data:left_bottom = []right_up = []  # 创建空列表存储框标签左下角和右上角的坐标box_coordinate = []   # 创建空列存储标注框四点的坐标# print(point, point.keys())  # dict_keys(['label', 'points', 'group_id', 'description', 'shape_type', 'flags'])if point['label'] == 'point':# print(point['points'][0])    # point['points'][0]就是每个点(点标注)的坐标,如[302.7354260089686, 30.53811659192826]coordinate = point['points'][0]  # -----------提取点标注坐标值---------------all_points_coordinate.append(coordinate)  # --------------------所有标注点点坐标-------------elif point['label'] == 'box':left_up = point['points'][0]   # 框标注左上角的坐标right_bottom = point['points'][1]  # 框标注右下角的坐标left_bottom.append(left_up[0])left_bottom.append(right_bottom[1])    # 框标注左下角坐标right_up.append(right_bottom[0])right_up.append(left_up[1])            # 框标注右上角坐标值box_coordinate.append(left_up)box_coordinate.append(left_bottom)box_coordinate.append(right_bottom)box_coordinate.append(right_up)     three_box_coordinate.append(box_coordinate)      # --------------------三个标注框各点坐标-------------print(all_points_coordinate, '\n')print(three_box_coordinate, '\n')density_path_dir = str_density + '/' + name_dir + '.json'     # --------------------密度图路径--------------Img_path_dir = str_Img + '/' + name_dir + '.jpg'json_inner_info[0] = three_box_coordinate  # 指定更新列表的数值# print(json_inner_info, '\n')json_inner_info[1] = density_path_dir  # 指定更新列表的数值json_inner_info[2] = Img_path_dirjson_inner_info[3] = all_points_coordinatejson_inner = dict(zip(json_inner_key.keys(), json_inner_info))value_outer.append(json_inner)print(value_outer, '\n')
json_fin = dict(zip(key_outer, value_outer))   # 键值对匹配成新的字典
# print(json_fin)
# 将字典传入json文件中，字典内容写入json时，需要用json.dumps将字典转换为字符串，然后再写入
with open('annotation_watermelon.json', 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f:json.dump(json_fin, f, indent=4, sort_keys=True, ensure_ascii=False)# 使用indent=4 参数来对json进行数据格式化输出，会根据数据格式缩进显示，读起来更加清晰# Key是文本的时候，如果sort_keys是False，则随机打印结果，如果sortkeys为true，则按顺序打印, 这里要顺序写入# json在进行序列化时，默认使用的是编码是ASCII，而中文为Unicode编码，ASCII中不包含中文，所以出现了乱码。# 想要json.dumps()能正常显示中文，只要加入参数ensure_ascii=False即可，这样json在序列化的时候，就不会使用默认的ASCII编码
# # 读取annotation_watermelon.json看看效果
# with open('annotation_watermelon.json', encoding='utf-8') as f:
#     json_file = json.load(f)
# print(json_file)    # 打印一下生成的json文件看看有没有问题

 最终生成的json大标签如下

 到这里我们的工作就完成了

 四. 声明

1. 以上提供的代码，路径我都去掉了一部分隐私信息，大家自己做的时候需要根据自己的文件路径调整

2. 路径中最好不要出现中文；

3. 本文未经本人同意不得转载或者盗用；

4. 喜欢本文请多多点赞收藏，谢谢。